Abstract: For exploring the influence of different concentrations of zinc ions in the 4 M potassium hydroxide electrolyte on the anode self-corrosion of the aluminum-air fuel cell and further improving its discharge performance, 6061 aluminum alloy was used as the anode and zinc oxide was used as the electrolyte additive for hydrogen evolution weight loss analysis, and the structure of the mesh-encapsulated anode was used to complete the energy reintegration and test the discharge performance of fuel cell. The results show that when the 4 M potassium hydroxide electrolyte contains 0.3 M zinc ions, the 6061 aluminum alloy can get the highest hydrogen inhibition efficiency, being of 64.364%. Moreover, in this electrolyte, the fuel cell with the mesh-encapsulated anode structure can get the highest anode efficiency and specific capacity when discharged at a current density of 20 mA/cm², being of 41.633% and 1240.665 A·h/kg, respectively, heightening 64.440% than before optimization. The energy dissipated by the fuel due to self-corrosion can be stored in the deposited zinc on its surface, and be converted into electrical energy with the aid of the anode mesh, achieving the purpose of energy reintegration and improving the fuel cell performance significantly.