Abstract: Due to lack for the rock damage characteristics of tunnel blast surroundings under blasting loads, the rock damage effect of tunnel surroundings and the influence of different position of detonator hole with millisecond delay blasting on surrounding rock damage were studied based on acoustic testing and numerical simulation methods. And the Zhaitang Tunnel was took as the engineering background to validate the methods. The results show that the damage range of tunnel surrounding rock is about 2.4 m, and the cumulative damage of tunnel surrounding rock consists of two parts: explosion impact damage and explosion vibration damage. According to the distribution characteristics of damage, the rock mass preserved in the tunnel can be divided into four different sorts, namely, severely damaged area, strongly disturbed area, weakly disturbed area, and undisturbed area. Among them, the severely damaged and strongly disturbed areas are mainly affected by the collapse hole VI and its surrounding holes. The "banded damage" in the weak disturbance zone is the result of the comprehensive action of the detonator holes in each segment.