Abstract: A method to increase the service life of gun barrel by adding the nanomaterial to the propellant is presented.A kind of complex nanomaterial is studied and manufactured,thus the propellant's antierosion capability and combustion completion are improved by adding the nanomaterial to the propellant.And the temperature rise of the barrel is reduced when firing with the propellant that added the nanomaterial.These result in prolonging the service life of gun barrel.In this paper,it is proved that the service life of gun barrel is increased observably through the barrel service life experiment.It is also proved that the erosion to the barrel bore is reduced observably by detecting the barrel's inner surface.