蜻蜓翅膀力学性能的数值模拟

Numerical Study on Mechanical Properties of the Dragonflies’ Wings

  • 摘要: 采用数值模拟的方法对蜻蜓翅膀在均布载荷作用下的力学性能进行了分析. 采集蜻蜓翅膀标本,将翅膀照片拾取成为矢量图,并由矢量图建立几何模型. 利用有限元分析软件建立了蜻蜓翅膀的有限元模型,对均布载荷条件下蜻蜓翅膀的力学性能进行了数值分析,得到了蜻蜓翅膀不同位置的受力变形情况,进而给出了蜻蜓翅膀的位移随时间变化曲线. 数值模拟结果显示,在同一水平位置上,越靠近翅根部分,变形越小,离翅根越远,变形越大;而同一垂直方向的三个不同位置的位移变化量几乎一致,与实际情况相符,证明了数值模拟中所取的杨氏模量参数的合理性;翅膀受到均匀载荷作用时,翅根部分附近所受压力是最大的,这与理论中固定端受力情况一致.

     

    Abstract: The mechanical properties of dragonfly wings under uniform loads were investigated by numerical simulations. Firstly, the specimens of dragonfly wings were collected; then the picture of the wings was turned into a vector diagram and the geometrical model of the wing was established according to the vector diagram. By using finite element analysis software, the geometrical model of the wing was changed to a finite element model. The mechanical properties of dragonfly wings by numerical simulation under uniform loads were analyzed, and then the displacement curves with the change of time were obtained. The simulation results show that the deformation is proportional to the distance from the wing root on the same horizontal position, but at the same vertical direction, the displacements of the three different locations are almost the same, which is consistent with the actual situation. All of these demonstrate the reliability of the Young's modulus chosen in the numerical simulation. In addition, the pressure of the wings near the root part is largest when the wings are subjected to uniform load, which is also satisfied with the theory of fixed end under pressure.

     

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