基于同伦方法的跳跃式再入轨迹优化

Homotopic Approach Applied to Skip-Entry Trajectory Optimization

  • 摘要: 采用间接法,以总气动热载荷最小为优化目标,对Apollo型飞行器的月球返回再入轨迹进行优化,同时考虑关于热流密度的二阶状态变量约束. 为了克服基于解决多点边值问题的打靶算法的收敛域小,难以猜测初值以及需预先知道约束结构的难点,提出一种结合自动判断约束结构和初始化对应打靶方程技术的同伦方法. 将一个较简单的无状态约束最优控制问题逐渐过渡到需解决有约束的最优控制问题以完成轨迹优化求解. 数值算例表明,使用该同伦方法可以有效地满足月球返回飞行器最优初始再入段的状态变量约束.

     

    Abstract: The skip reentry trajectory of Apollo type vehicle for lunar return is optimized under the performance of minimum total heat load with a second-order state constraint on heat flux. The indirect shooting method is based on the multi-points boundary value problem, which may be difficult to initialize because of the small domain of convergence. In addition, the priori knowledge about the structure of constraints is required. To overcome these difficulties, a novel homotopy Approach was presented, which combined homotopic method with the technique that automatically determines the structure of the constraints and initializes the associated shooting parameters. The optimal control problem can be solved by starting the homotopy path from an easier unconstrained problem, and then introducing it into the constraint problem progressively. At last, a numerical example was introduced, and it shows that the state constraints solved with the homotopic approach can be satisfied effectively for optimal reentry of lunar return vehicle.

     

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