Laser processing technologies for solar-driven interfacial evaporation

The global scarcity of water resources poses substantial challenges to human society, prompting the need for innovative solutions. Recently developed solar-driven interfacial evaporation (SDIE) has emerged as an effective approach to harvest clean water with low cost and eco-friendliness. Laser processing technology, characterized by its simplicity, efficiency, and sustainability, has attracted significant interest within the domain of SDIE. In this review, the conversion of solar energy into thermal energy and the mechanisms of water transport for SDIE are first introduced. Then, laser etching, laser-induced graphitization (LIG), laser in-situ synthesis of LIG/composites, liquid-phase pulsed evaporation, and so on, laser processing techniques for modifying material properties to enhance water evaporation performance are discussed, as well as the advantages and limitations. Finally, the review offers a forward-looking perspective on potential future advancements, which would provide the insight into the domain of laser processing technologies for SDIE.