MAMILS: A Memory-Aware Multiobjective Scheduler for Real-Time Embedded EEG Depression Diagnosis

TY - JOUR

T1 - MAMILS

T2 - A Memory-Aware Multiobjective Scheduler for Real-Time Embedded EEG Depression Diagnosis

AU - Tian, Fuze

AU - Zhang, Lixin

AU - Pan, Qi

AU - Liu, Jingyu

AU - Zhao, Qinglin

AU - Hu, Bin

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 1990-2012 IEEE.

PY - 2026

Y1 - 2026

N2 - Depression detection using Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals obtained from wearable medical-assisted diagnostic systems has become a well-established approach in the field of affective disorders. However, despite recent advancements, on-board Artificial Intelligence (AI) models still demand substantial computational resources, presenting significant challenges for deployment on resource-constrained wearable medical devices. Embedded Multi-core Processors (MPs) offer a promising solution for accelerating these models. However, the limited computational capabilities of embedded MPs, combined with the structural diversity of AI models, complicate resource allocation and increase associated costs. To address these challenges, we propose a Memory-Aware Multi-Objective Iterative Local Search (MAMILS) algorithm to optimize task scheduling, thereby improving the efficiency of AI model deployment on wearable EEG devices. Experimental results across seven AI models demonstrate that, the MAMILS approach yields substantial improvements in key performance indicators: Total Energy Consumption (TEC) with an average reduction of 47.57%, Makespan with an average reduction of 48.75%, and Throughput with an average increase of 198.37%, all while maintaining satisfactory classification performance for both Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) models. Especially, on-board deployment of EEGNeX achieves an accuracy of 93.4%, sensitivity of 91.6%, and specificity of 95.8%. Further analysis indicates that, when integrated with wearable EEG sensors and executable on-board AI models, the proposed MAMILS optimization strategy shows significant promise in facilitating the widespread adoption of low-power, real-time diagnostic systems for depression detection.

AB - Depression detection using Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals obtained from wearable medical-assisted diagnostic systems has become a well-established approach in the field of affective disorders. However, despite recent advancements, on-board Artificial Intelligence (AI) models still demand substantial computational resources, presenting significant challenges for deployment on resource-constrained wearable medical devices. Embedded Multi-core Processors (MPs) offer a promising solution for accelerating these models. However, the limited computational capabilities of embedded MPs, combined with the structural diversity of AI models, complicate resource allocation and increase associated costs. To address these challenges, we propose a Memory-Aware Multi-Objective Iterative Local Search (MAMILS) algorithm to optimize task scheduling, thereby improving the efficiency of AI model deployment on wearable EEG devices. Experimental results across seven AI models demonstrate that, the MAMILS approach yields substantial improvements in key performance indicators: Total Energy Consumption (TEC) with an average reduction of 47.57%, Makespan with an average reduction of 48.75%, and Throughput with an average increase of 198.37%, all while maintaining satisfactory classification performance for both Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) models. Especially, on-board deployment of EEGNeX achieves an accuracy of 93.4%, sensitivity of 91.6%, and specificity of 95.8%. Further analysis indicates that, when integrated with wearable EEG sensors and executable on-board AI models, the proposed MAMILS optimization strategy shows significant promise in facilitating the widespread adoption of low-power, real-time diagnostic systems for depression detection.

KW - Depression detection

KW - artificial intelligence

KW - iterated local search algorithm

KW - on-board executable model

KW - wearable EEG sensor

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105023185441

U2 - 10.1109/TPDS.2025.3637175

DO - 10.1109/TPDS.2025.3637175

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:105023185441

SN - 1045-9219

VL - 37

SP - 600

EP - 617

JO - IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems

JF - IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems

IS - 3

ER -