TY - JOUR
T1 - 6D Movable Antenna Enhanced Multi-Access Point Coordination via Position and Orientation Optimization
AU - Pi, Xiangyu
AU - Zhu, Lipeng
AU - Mao, Haobin
AU - Xiao, Zhenyu
AU - Xia, Xiang Gen
AU - Zhang, Rui
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2002-2012 IEEE.
PY - 2026
Y1 - 2026
N2 - Due to the crowded spectrum occupancy and dense user terminals (UTs), the conventional fixed antenna (FA)-based access points (APs) face challenges in realizing massive access and interference cancellation. To address this issue, in this paper we develop a six-dimensional movable antenna (6DMA) enhanced multi-AP coordination system to fully exploit its maximum spatial diversity for coverage enhancement and interference mitigation. First, we model the wireless channels between the APs and UTs to characterize their variation with respect to 6DMA movement, in terms of both the three-dimensional (3D) position and 3D orientation of each distributed AP’s antenna. Then, an optimization problem is formulated to maximize the weighted sum rate of multiple UTs for their uplink transmissions by jointly optimizing the antenna position vector (APV), the antenna orientation matrix (AOM), and the receive combining matrix over all coordinated APs, subject to the constraints on local antenna movement regions. To solve this challenging non-convex optimization problem, we first transform it into a more tractable Lagrangian dual problem. Then, an alternating optimization (AO)-based algorithm is developed by iteratively optimizing the APV and AOM, which are designed by applying the successive convex approximation (SCA) technique and Riemannian manifold optimization-based algorithm, respectively. Moreover, to further reduce the overhead of antenna movement, we propose an offline solution for APV and AOM design based on statistical channel state information (CSI). In addition, we further extend the proposed scheme from uni-polarized to dual-polarized modes for all antennas. Simulation results show that the proposed 6DMA-enhanced multi-AP coordination system can significantly enhance network capacity, and both of the online and offline 6DMA schemes can attain considerable performance improvement compared to the conventional FA-based schemes.
AB - Due to the crowded spectrum occupancy and dense user terminals (UTs), the conventional fixed antenna (FA)-based access points (APs) face challenges in realizing massive access and interference cancellation. To address this issue, in this paper we develop a six-dimensional movable antenna (6DMA) enhanced multi-AP coordination system to fully exploit its maximum spatial diversity for coverage enhancement and interference mitigation. First, we model the wireless channels between the APs and UTs to characterize their variation with respect to 6DMA movement, in terms of both the three-dimensional (3D) position and 3D orientation of each distributed AP’s antenna. Then, an optimization problem is formulated to maximize the weighted sum rate of multiple UTs for their uplink transmissions by jointly optimizing the antenna position vector (APV), the antenna orientation matrix (AOM), and the receive combining matrix over all coordinated APs, subject to the constraints on local antenna movement regions. To solve this challenging non-convex optimization problem, we first transform it into a more tractable Lagrangian dual problem. Then, an alternating optimization (AO)-based algorithm is developed by iteratively optimizing the APV and AOM, which are designed by applying the successive convex approximation (SCA) technique and Riemannian manifold optimization-based algorithm, respectively. Moreover, to further reduce the overhead of antenna movement, we propose an offline solution for APV and AOM design based on statistical channel state information (CSI). In addition, we further extend the proposed scheme from uni-polarized to dual-polarized modes for all antennas. Simulation results show that the proposed 6DMA-enhanced multi-AP coordination system can significantly enhance network capacity, and both of the online and offline 6DMA schemes can attain considerable performance improvement compared to the conventional FA-based schemes.
KW - Six-dimensional movable antenna (6DMA)
KW - antenna position and orientation optimization
KW - multi-access point coordination
KW - polarization
KW - statistical channel state information (CSI)
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105011180723
U2 - 10.1109/TWC.2025.3587803
DO - 10.1109/TWC.2025.3587803
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:105011180723
SN - 1536-1276
VL - 25
SP - 915
EP - 930
JO - IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
JF - IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
ER -