Fraxicon composite fiber probe design for OCT imaging concurrent enhancement

Yuzhuo Li; Zhengyu Qiao; Jingpu Lin; Yin Liu; Qiang Jiang; Lingling Huang; Hong Fan; Tianyun Lan; Jia You; Xisheng Li; Qun Hao; Yong Huang

doi:10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114402

Fraxicon composite fiber probe design for OCT imaging concurrent enhancement

Yuzhuo Li
, Zhengyu Qiao
, Jingpu Lin
, Yin Liu^*
, Qiang Jiang
, Lingling Huang
, Hong Fan
, Tianyun Lan
, Jia You
, Xisheng Li
, Qun Hao
, Yong Huang^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Optics and Photonics

University of Science and Technology Beijing
National Key Laboratory on Near-Surface Detection
Beijing Institute of Technology
Shenzhen Urban Public Safety and Technology Institute
China General Nuclear Power Group
State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Power Safety Monitoring Technology and Equipment

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) fiber probes are critical for assessing internal cavity organs and investigating pathogenesis, but balancing large starting focal length, extended depth of focus (DOF), and high lateral resolution remains challenging in miniaturized designs. Here, we present an ultra-compact (outer diameter ∼ 383 μm) optical probe with a hybrid micro-lens architecture to address these conflicts. Fabricated via two-photon polymerization (TPP) based on femtosecond laser direct writing, the design integrates a negative axicon and Fresnel axicon (fraxicon) at the tip of a fiber composite assembly, which employs a large diameter no core fiber (LD-NCF) to expand the beam from a single-mode fiber (SMF). The negative axicon enhances the starting focal length, while the fraxicon resolves the DOF-lateral resolution trade-off. The prototype achieves a ∼ 415 μm starting focal length, sub-5.71 μm lateral resolution over a 304 μm DOF, and validated performance in multi-sample OCT imaging, highlighting its commercial potential for internal cavity imaging.

Original language	English
Article number	114402
Journal	Optics and Laser Technology
Volume	194
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114402
Publication status	Published - Feb 2026

Keywords

Extended depth of focus
Femtosecond laser direct writing
Hybrid micro-lens architecture
Miniaturized imaging probe

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10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114402

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title = "Fraxicon composite fiber probe design for OCT imaging concurrent enhancement",

abstract = "Optical coherence tomography (OCT) fiber probes are critical for assessing internal cavity organs and investigating pathogenesis, but balancing large starting focal length, extended depth of focus (DOF), and high lateral resolution remains challenging in miniaturized designs. Here, we present an ultra-compact (outer diameter ∼ 383 μm) optical probe with a hybrid micro-lens architecture to address these conflicts. Fabricated via two-photon polymerization (TPP) based on femtosecond laser direct writing, the design integrates a negative axicon and Fresnel axicon (fraxicon) at the tip of a fiber composite assembly, which employs a large diameter no core fiber (LD-NCF) to expand the beam from a single-mode fiber (SMF). The negative axicon enhances the starting focal length, while the fraxicon resolves the DOF-lateral resolution trade-off. The prototype achieves a ∼ 415 μm starting focal length, sub-5.71 μm lateral resolution over a 304 μm DOF, and validated performance in multi-sample OCT imaging, highlighting its commercial potential for internal cavity imaging.",

keywords = "Extended depth of focus, Femtosecond laser direct writing, Hybrid micro-lens architecture, Miniaturized imaging probe",

author = "Yuzhuo Li and Zhengyu Qiao and Jingpu Lin and Yin Liu and Qiang Jiang and Lingling Huang and Hong Fan and Tianyun Lan and Jia You and Xisheng Li and Qun Hao and Yong Huang",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 Elsevier Ltd",

year = "2026",

month = feb,

doi = "10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114402",

language = "English",

volume = "194",

journal = "Optics and Laser Technology",

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T1 - Fraxicon composite fiber probe design for OCT imaging concurrent enhancement

AU - Li, Yuzhuo

AU - Qiao, Zhengyu

AU - Lin, Jingpu

AU - Liu, Yin

AU - Jiang, Qiang

AU - Huang, Lingling

AU - Fan, Hong

AU - Lan, Tianyun

AU - You, Jia

AU - Li, Xisheng

AU - Hao, Qun

AU - Huang, Yong

PY - 2026/2

Y1 - 2026/2

N2 - Optical coherence tomography (OCT) fiber probes are critical for assessing internal cavity organs and investigating pathogenesis, but balancing large starting focal length, extended depth of focus (DOF), and high lateral resolution remains challenging in miniaturized designs. Here, we present an ultra-compact (outer diameter ∼ 383 μm) optical probe with a hybrid micro-lens architecture to address these conflicts. Fabricated via two-photon polymerization (TPP) based on femtosecond laser direct writing, the design integrates a negative axicon and Fresnel axicon (fraxicon) at the tip of a fiber composite assembly, which employs a large diameter no core fiber (LD-NCF) to expand the beam from a single-mode fiber (SMF). The negative axicon enhances the starting focal length, while the fraxicon resolves the DOF-lateral resolution trade-off. The prototype achieves a ∼ 415 μm starting focal length, sub-5.71 μm lateral resolution over a 304 μm DOF, and validated performance in multi-sample OCT imaging, highlighting its commercial potential for internal cavity imaging.

AB - Optical coherence tomography (OCT) fiber probes are critical for assessing internal cavity organs and investigating pathogenesis, but balancing large starting focal length, extended depth of focus (DOF), and high lateral resolution remains challenging in miniaturized designs. Here, we present an ultra-compact (outer diameter ∼ 383 μm) optical probe with a hybrid micro-lens architecture to address these conflicts. Fabricated via two-photon polymerization (TPP) based on femtosecond laser direct writing, the design integrates a negative axicon and Fresnel axicon (fraxicon) at the tip of a fiber composite assembly, which employs a large diameter no core fiber (LD-NCF) to expand the beam from a single-mode fiber (SMF). The negative axicon enhances the starting focal length, while the fraxicon resolves the DOF-lateral resolution trade-off. The prototype achieves a ∼ 415 μm starting focal length, sub-5.71 μm lateral resolution over a 304 μm DOF, and validated performance in multi-sample OCT imaging, highlighting its commercial potential for internal cavity imaging.

KW - Extended depth of focus

KW - Femtosecond laser direct writing

KW - Hybrid micro-lens architecture

KW - Miniaturized imaging probe

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105023690147

U2 - 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114402

DO - 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114402

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:105023690147

SN - 0030-3992

VL - 194

JO - Optics and Laser Technology

JF - Optics and Laser Technology

M1 - 114402

ER -

Fraxicon composite fiber probe design for OCT imaging concurrent enhancement

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Keywords

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